What is Fever?
Fever is a common health problem. It happens when your body temperature rises above its normal range. Usually, a normal body temperature is about 98.6°F (37°C). However, it can vary from person to person. When you have a fever, your body is often fighting an infection. For example, you may get a fever with a cold or the flu. According to the CDC, fever is a sign that your body is working to protect you. In most cases, fever is not dangerous. But, it can make you feel uncomfortable.
Common Symptoms of Fever
Fever often comes with other symptoms. These signs can help you know when you have a fever. For instance, you may notice:Warm or hot skinChills or shiveringSweatingHeadacheMuscle achesLoss of appetiteWeakness or tirednessDehydration
Sometimes, you may also feel irritable or confused. In children, fever can cause fussiness or crying. But, not everyone will have all these symptoms.
Causes of Fever
There are many reasons why you might get a fever. Most often, it is your body’s way of fighting germs. Some common causes include:Viral infections, such as the flu or common coldBacterial infections, like strep throat or urinary tract infectionsHeat exhaustionImmunizations (shots)Inflammatory conditions, such as arthritisCertain medicines
In rare cases, fever can be a sign of a more serious illness. For example, some cancers or autoimmune diseases can cause fever. If you are unsure about the cause, it is best to talk to a doctor.
How Fever is Diagnosed
Doctors use a thermometer to check your body temperature. If your temperature is above 100.4°F (38°C), you have a fever. Sometimes, doctors may ask about your symptoms and medical history. They may also do a physical exam. In some cases, they may order blood tests or urine tests. These tests help find the cause of the fever. For example, a blood test can show if you have an infection. Early diagnosis helps guide the right treatment.
Treatment Options for Fever
Most fevers go away on their own. However, you can take steps to feel better. Some common treatment options include:Drinking plenty of fluids to stay hydratedResting as much as possibleTaking fever-reducing medicines, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofenWearing light clothingUsing a cool, damp cloth on your forehead
But, you should always follow the advice of your healthcare provider. For children, use only medicines that are safe for their age. Never give aspirin to children, as it can be harmful.
Home Care and Lifestyle Tips
There are simple steps you can take at home to manage fever. For example:Keep the room cool and well-ventilatedOffer small, frequent sips of water or clear fluidsEncourage rest and quiet activitiesMonitor temperature regularlyGive light, easy-to-digest foods if hungry
Additionally, avoid heavy blankets or overheating. If your child has a fever, watch for signs of dehydration, such as dry lips or less urine. These tips can help you feel more comfortable while you recover.
When to See a Doctor
Sometimes, fever needs medical attention. You should call a doctor if:The fever lasts more than three daysYour temperature is above 103°F (39.4°C)You have trouble breathing or chest painYou feel confused or very sleepyThere are signs of dehydration, like no urine for eight hoursYou have a seizure
For babies under three months, any fever is a reason to see a doctor right away. Early care can prevent serious problems.
Prevention of Fever
While you cannot prevent all fevers, you can lower your risk. Here are some helpful tips:Wash your hands often with soap and waterAvoid close contact with sick peopleKeep your vaccinations up to dateClean and disinfect surfaces regularlyEat a healthy diet and get enough sleep
By following these steps, you can help protect yourself and your family from many common causes of fever.
In summary, fever is usually a sign that your body is fighting an infection. Most fevers are mild and go away with home care. However, you should consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice about fever.